Introduction: Arbutin, also known as arbutin leaf glycoside, arbutin glycoside, or myricetin, is a skin-whitening active substance that combines the concepts of "green," "safe," and "highly effective" because it was originally derived from natural green plants. Arbutin is an ideal whitening agent in whitening cosmetics. It has two optical isomers, α and β, with the β isomer possessing biological activity. At room temperature, it is a white to slightly yellowish powder, easily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, propylene glycol, and glycerin aqueous solutions, leaving no precipitate after dissolution. It is insoluble in chloroform, ether, and petroleum ether. It is added to many whitening skincare products. It is named after the leaves of *Arbutinus arvensis*, a plant in the Ericaceae family. Later, it was also found in the leaves of *Vaccinium bracteatum* (Ericaceae family), *Pyrus pyrifolia* (Rosaceae family), and *Saxifraga stolonifera* (Saxifragaceae family), and was extracted and used as a pharmaceutical and cosmetic additive.

Applications: Arbutin is one of the safest and most effective skin-whitening ingredients currently popular abroad, and also one of the most competitive skin-whitening and spot-removing active agents of the 21st century. In cosmetics, it can effectively whiten and remove spots on the skin, gradually fading and removing freckles, melasma, pigmentation, acne, and age spots. It has high safety, with no irritating or sensitizing side effects, and good compatibility with other cosmetic components. It is stable under ultraviolet radiation. However, arbutin is easily hydrolyzed and should be used under conditions of pH 5-7. To stabilize its performance, appropriate amounts of antioxidants such as sodium bisulfite and vitamin E are usually added to better achieve whitening, spot-removing, moisturizing, softening, wrinkle-reducing, and anti-inflammatory effects. It can be used to eliminate redness and swelling, promote wound healing without leaving scars, and inhibit dandruff production.

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